“I am John Smith” is mostly translated as watashi ha jonn sumisu desu. However, people also often replace “wa (ha)” after watashi (I) with “ga,” as in watashi ga jonn sumisu desu. “ga” is used to emphasize the subject of a sentence. For instance, John would say it this way if someone was looking for a John. Thus, a single English sentence can be translated into Japanese in two different ways. “ga” is sometimes used with objects. For instance, if you are asked “What Japanese food do you like?” you would say watashi ha ramen ga suki desu (I like ramen). “wo” and “ni” are mostly added after an object. “I give a present,” is translated as watashi ha purezento wo age masu. In the case of kanojo ni purezento wo age masu (I give her a present), “ni” is used to indicate the action towards the object (her in this case). It will be easier to understand by rephrasing the English sentence as “I give a present to her.” It is possible to replace “ni” with “e (he),” as in kanojoe e purezennto wo ageru. While “e (he)” specifically indicates direction, “ni” can also be used in the same way.