The Japanese Language  Continues to Evolve

Nihongo Spirit | 進化を続ける日本語

The Japanese Language Continues to Evolve

The Japanese are globally renowned, not so much for being good at inventing things, but for their ability to improve upon and adapt existing things. From manufacturing products such as cars to distribution services such as home delivery, the Japanese excel at improving on the original to create something better and more convenient. For example, though the convenience store chain Seven-Eleven was created in the USA, its Japanese franchise has done really well by using a Japanese-style management system. A similar phenomenon occurred with the Japanese language. Japan had no established writing system, so it adopted characters from China and attached them to traditional Japanese words. Then, hiragana and katakana were created. On top of this, Japan created its own original kanji. Many of these have been adopted by the Chinese. The usage of katakana, which has traditionally been mainly used to transcribe words from Western languages such as English, is expanding. Nowadays katakana is used in a variety of different ways, including for stage names and pen names. For example, the official name for “Ryugu,” the asteroid explored by “HayabuSa-2,” is written リュウグウ in katakana. The asteroid was named after “Ryugu-jo (Ryugu Castle)” which appeared in the famous Japanese fairytale “Urashima Taro.” Ryugu is usually written in kanji. The asteroid “ イトカワ ” was named after ITOKAWA Hideo, the creator of the Japanese rocket. Katakana can also be used to suggest a particular thing, while actually having a different meaning.

日本人にほんじん
nihonnjinn ha
(the) Japanese
発明はつめい才能さいのう
hatsumei no sainou ha
at inventing things
それほどではない
sore hodo deha nai
not so much for being good
が、
ga,
but
改良かいりょう応用おうよう能力のうりょく
kairyou ya ouyou no nouryoku ha
for (their) ability to improve upon and adapt existing things
トップクラスとっぷくらすだと世界せかいから評価ひょうかされています。
toppukurasu dato sekai kara hyouka sarete i masu.
are globally renowned
自動車じどうしゃ
jidousha
cars
などの
nado no
such as
製品せいひん製造せいぞう
seihinn seizou
manufacturing products
から
kara
from
宅配たくはい
takuhai
home delivery
などの
nado no
such as
流通りゅうつうサービスさーびす
ryuutsuu sa-bisu
distribution services
まで、
made,
to
オリジナルおりじなる
to
(the) original
wo
on
改良かいりょうして
kairyou shite
at improving
よりいもの、
yori yoi mono,
better and
便利べんりなものを
bennrina mono wo
more convenient
つくすことが
tsukuri dasu koto ga
to create something
得意とくいです。
tokui desu.
(the Japanese) excel
たとえば、
tatoe ba,
tatoe ba,
コンビニこんびに
konnbini no
the convenience (store chain)
セブン-イレブンせぶんいれぶん
sebunn-irebunn ha
Seven-Eleven
アメリカあめりか
amerika
the USA
de
in
誕生たんじょうしました
tannjou shi mashita
was created
が、
ga,
though
そのフランチャイジーふらんちゃいじー加盟店かめいてん)だった
sono furannchaiji- (kameitenn) datta
its franchise
日本にほん企業きぎょう
nihonnkigyou ha
Japanese (company)
日本にほん独自どくじ経営けいえいスタイル
nihonn dokuji no keiei sutairu
a Japanese-style management system
de
by using
大成功だいせいこうしました。
daiseikou shi mashita.
has done really well
言語げんごにおいても
genngo ni oite mo
(the Japanese) language with
おなじようなことが
onaji youna koto ga
a similar phenomenon
きています。
okite i masu.
occurred
確立かくりつした
kakuritsu shita
kakuritsu shita
文字もじ
moji ga
moji ga
なかった
nakatta
had no
日本にほん
had no
Japan
中国ちゅうごく
chuugoku
China
から
kara
from
漢字かんじ
kannji wo
characters
日本にほん
nihonn
Japanese
古来こらい
Japanese
traditional
言葉ことば
kotoba ni
words
れました。
tori ire mashita.
so it adopted (and attached them)
さらに、
sarani,
then
ひらがな、
hiragana,
hiragana
カタカナかたかな
katakana wo
and katakana
つくしました。
tsukuri dashi mashita.
were created
そればかりか、
sore bakari ka,
on top of this
日本にほん
nihonn
Japan
独自どくじ
dokuji no
(its) own
あたらしい
atarashii
original
漢字かんじ
kannji mo
kanji
しました。
umi dashi mashita.
created
そして
soshite
[then]
今度こんどは、
konndo ha,
[this time]
そのおおくが
sono ooku ga
many of these
中国語ちゅうごくご
chuugokugo
(the) Chinese O
ni
by
れられています。
tori irerarete i masu.
have been adopted
おも
omo ni
mainly
英語えいご
eigo
English
などの
nado no
such as
西洋語せいようご
seiyougo
Western languages
no
from
表記ひょうき使つかわれてきた
hyouki ni tsukawarete kita
used to transcribe (words)
カタカナかたかな
katakana
katakana
no
of
使用しよう範囲はんい
shiyou hanni mo
(which) has traditionally been the usage
ひろがっています。
hirogatte i masu.
is expanding
いまでは
ima deha
nowadays
芸名げいめい
geimei
stage names
ya
and
作家名さっかめい
sakkamei
pen names
をはじめ、
wo hajime,
wo hajime,
さまざまな
samazamana
in a variety of different ways
使つかわれかたがされています。
tsukaware kata ga sarete i masu.
(katakana is) used
たとえば、 
tatoe ba,
for example
「はやぶさ2つー」が
“hayabusa2” ga
Hayabusa two
探査たんさした
tannsa shita
explored by
小惑星しょうわくせい
explored by
(the) asteroid
正式せいしき名称めいしょう
seishikimeishou
(the) official name for
「Ryugu」ですが、
“ryuuguu” desu ga,
Ryugu
リュウグウりゅうぐう」と
“ryuuguu” to
Ryugu
カタカナかたかな
katakana
katakana
de
in
表記ひょうきされています。
hyouki sarete i masu.
is written
これは
kore ha
日本にほん
nihonn no
Japanese
有名ゆうめい
yuumeina
in the famous
おとぎばなし
otogi banashi
fairlytale
浦島うらしま太郎たろう
“urashima tarou”
Urashima Taro
てくる
ni dete kuru
(which) appeared
竜宮城りゅうぐうじょう」から
“ryuuguujou” kara
Ryugu Castle
名付なづけられました。
nadukerare mashita.
nadukerare mashita.
竜宮りゅうぐう」は
“ryuuguu” ha
Ryugu
通常つうじょう
tsuujou,
usually
漢字かんじ
kannji
kanji
de
in
表記ひょうきされます。
hyouki sare masu.
is written
小惑星しょうわくせい
shouwakusei
(the) asteroid
イトカワいとかわ」は、
“itokawa” ha,
itokawa
日本にほん
nihonn no
(the) Japanese
ロケットろけっと
roketto no
rocket
みのおやである
umi no oya de aru
the creator of
糸川いとかわ英夫ひでお
itokawa hideo
Itokawa Hideo
から名付なづけられました。
kara nadukerare mashita.
was named after
カタカナかたかな
katakana ha
katakana
特定とくていのものを
tokutei no mono wo
(a) particular thing
連想れんそう
rennsou
to suggest
させながら、
sase nagara,
while
実際じっさい
jissai ha
actually
ちが意味いみ
chigau imi wo
chigau imi wo
あらわすとき
arawasu toki
having
にも
nimo
also
使つかわれます。
tsukaware masu.
can be used
日本語にほんごは、
can be used
in Japanese
ひらがな、
hiragana,
hiragana
カタカナかたかな
katakana,
katakana
漢字かんじ
kanji wo
and kanji
いろ
iro
(a) palette of colors
のように
no youni
as if (they were)
使つかけることで、
tsukai wakeru kotode,
by using
微妙びみょうニュアンスにゅあんす
bimyouna nyuannsu wo
subtle nuances
つたえることができます。
tsutaeru koto ga deki masu.
can be conveyed

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