As the world undergoes a period of unrest, in Japan, the book “Ounin no Ran,” which depicts a civil war during the middle ages, has become a bestseller. This war began in 1467, at the last stage of the Muromachi Shogunate regime, and was mainly fought in the then capital, Kyoto. The war grew from a dispute over who would succeed as the next shogun and also over family feuds among powerful influencers, even daimyo (feudal lords) from every district got involved for their own gain and in this way, a conflict developed between two great powers. However, as time went by, gradually the original reasons for the war were forgotten. In this regard, it is said that this war resembles the First World War which ended up involving many nations. Kyoto was completely destroyed, and the 11-year battle finally came to a close when both powers withdrew. However, this became the beginning of the Warring States period which lasted for 100 years subsequent to this. The authority of the Shogunate waned, and aristocracy and priests lost their political influence. On the other hand, local daimyo became almost like lords of their own independent states. In other words, this was a turning point from the age of the centralization of power in Kyoto to that of decentralization. Some people see parallels between Ounin no Ran and the present global situation, and Japanese people are concerned about this. The proverb “History repeats itself” can also be rephrased as “The history of human folly.”