1. Who was the warlord that took flood control countermeasures in present-day YAMANASHI Prefecture? ① TAKEDA Shingen ② UESUGI Kenshin ③ SANADA Yukimura 2. Which countermeasures to decrease flooding were actually taken in the Meiji era (19th century)? ① Many seedlings were planted in the mountains where trees had been cut down. ② Shallow riverbeds dug to lower the water level to prevent flooding. ③ Some parts of banks were destroyed to equalize water levels. 3. What is the name of the tree that was planted on banks so that people could enjoy viewing its blossoms, while their footfalls made the soil along the riverside solid? 4. In ancient times, there was a favorable side to rivers flooding. Why was that? ① It makes the ground flat. ② It flushes away obstacles. ③ It makes the soil fertile. 5. In recent years unexpected heavy rain has caused many disasters in Japan. What is considered to be the biggest cause of this? ① Too many trees have been cut down in the mountains. ② Deterioration of dams. ③ Abnormal weather due to global warming.