Most Japanese business emails begin with the following: “Osewa ni natte orimasu.” “Itsumo osewa ni natte orimasu.” A close translation of this would be “I appreciate your kind cooperation,” or “I would appreciate your usual cooperation.” Many emails end with the following expression: “Yoroshiku onegai itashimasu,” or “Kongo tomo yorosiku onegai shimasu.” A close translation of this would be “Please treat us favorably,” or “I would appreciate it if you would continue to treat us favorably.” You use the following expressions with those who are struggling with an issue, related perhaps to a job, study or sports. “Ganbatte,” or “Ganbatte kudasai.” A close translation of this would be “Do your best,” or “Please do your best.” When they are finished, the following expression is used. “Otsukare sama,” or “Otsukaresama deshita.” A close translation of this would be “You did well,” or “Great. You did well.” When your subordinate has completed a difficult task you might use the following expression: “Gokurousama.” A close translation of this would be “I appreciate your efforts.” When you have a new project, you may say the following before announcing it to your customers: “Otanoshimini” A close translation of this would be “Please wait expectantly.” There is an expression used when someone throws away something still usable, perhaps food. “Mottainai” A close translation of this would be “What a waste.” When a debate heats up, a third party often says the following words: “Maamaa,” or “Maamaa (calm down everybody).” A close translation of this would be “Well, well,” or “Well, well, (calm down, everybody).” These expressions are really unique to Japanese, but are commonly used in daily life. It is hard to directly translate these expressions, and so each translation is adapted according to the situation.