Since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, national security discussions have become more active in Japan. After Japan’s defeat in World War II, a new Constitution was put in place under the leadership of the USA which renounced war and abandoned Japan’s military power. Though the underlying reason behind the establishment of the constitution was due to the US’s fear of Japan’s rearmament, this was a landmark peace constitution. Based on this, Japan is on the path to becoming a peaceful state with a strong economic focus. However, due to changes in international affairs, the Self-Defense Forces were created as a result of the need for a minimal military force to protect the country. The Self-Defense Forces were created with the intent to protect the country and the people, and have been active mainly in disaster recovery while taking an exclusively defensive position. As a result, the public perceived defense expenses to be within 1% of the GDP. However, the recent Russian invasion is changing people’s awareness. People started asking whether there was enough money for defense, whether they would receive the first blow even when they knew the other side was going to attack, and whether they would not be able to fight back against further attacks and such. Thus, some say that the Constitution should be changed so that Japan can become like other countries and have an army, while others say that now is the time to protect the current Constitution so as not to provoke surrounding nations. There is a controversy between the opinion that the peace oriented constitution should be protected, and the opinion that the military should be strengthened for as long as there are invasions by medieval-minded leaders. ( From September issue, 2022 / 2022年9月号より）