Verb Conjugation Can Change the Meaning of a Sentence

Sentence Ending | 文末は変わることがある

Verb Conjugation Can Change the Meaning of a Sentence

In Japanese, you cannot fully grasp a person’s intentions until you’ve listened to the end of their sentences. Sometimes, a sentence ending can completely flip your expectations of what you thought the speaker meant. For instance, by adding different verb conjugations to “gohann wo tabe,” you change the meaning as below: gohann wo tabe ru (I’ll have some rice):positive gohann wo tabe nai (I won’t have some rice): negative gohan wo tabe tai (I want to have some rice): wish gohann wo tabe rarenai (I cannot have any rice): not possible gohann wo tabe you (Let’s have some rice): suggestion gohann wo tabe ro (Have some rice): imperative Because of this, it’s possible to react to another person’s attitude and change the meaning at the end of your sentences accordingly as you’re talking. In order to maintain good relations, Japanese people speak by reading the feelings of others people along with the situation. For example, when you assume the other person must like sushi, but you’re not certain. By reading the other person’s facial expressions and other cues, you can alter the phrase after saying “osushi, suki...” as follows. osushi, suki desho (you like sushi, don’t you?): confirming with the expectation of agreement osushi, suki dayo ne (I believe you like sushi): prompting a positive response osushi, suki janai yone (You don’t like sushi, do you?): prompting a negative response osushi, suki ja nakatta ne (I don’t think you like sushi): seeking confirmation of the speaker’s memory of events osushi, suki datta kana (You liked sushi?): seeking confirmation of their opinion One of the quirks of Japanese conversation is that speakers are able to instantly change their sentence endings in order to maintain good relations.

日本語にほんご
nihonngo
Japanese
ha
in
最後さいご
saigo
(the) end of (their) sentences
まで
made
until
きかかないと
kikanai to
(you)’ve listened to
相手あいて意図いと
aite no ito ga
(a) person’s intentions
わかりません。
wakarimasenn.
(you) cannot fully grasp
文末ぶんまつで、
bunnmatsu de,
(a) sentence ending
想定そうていしていたことと
souteishiteita kototo
(your) expectations of what (you) thought
相手あいて意味いみ
aite no imi ga
(the) speaker meant
まったく
mattaku
completely
ちがうこともこります。
chigau kotomo okori masu.
can flip sometimes.
たとえば、
tatoeba,
for instance
「ごはんをべ……」
gohann wo tabeta
gohann wo tabe
ni
to
つづ
tsuzuku
by adding
言葉ことば
kotoba de
different verb conjugations
つぎのように
tsugi no youni
as below
意味いみわります。
imiga kawarimasu.
(you) change (the meaning)
ごはんをべる:肯定こうてい
gohann wo tabe ru: koutei
(I’ll have some rice):positive
ごはんをべない:否定ひてい
gohann wo tabe nai: hitei
(I won’t have some rice): negative
ごはんをべたい:願望がんぼう
gohan wo tabe tai: gannbou
(I want to have some rice): wish
ごはんをべられない:不可能ふかのう
gohann wo tabe rarenai: fukanou
(I cannot have any rice): not possible
ごはんをべよう:さそ
gohann wo tabe you: sasoi
(Let’s have some rice): suggestion
ごはんをべろ:命令めいれい
gohann wo tabe ro: meirei
(Have some rice): imperative
そのため、
sonotame,
because of this
はなしながら
hanashi nagara
accordingly as (you)’re talking
相手あいて様子ようす
aite no yousu wo
another person’s attitude
て、
mite,
to react to and
文末ぶんまつ
bunnmatsu
(the) end of (your) sentences
de
at
意味いみ
imi wo
(the) meaning
えることが
kaeru kotoga
change
できます。
dekimasu.
(it)’s possible
日本人にほんじん
nihonnjin ha
Japanese people
yoi
good
関係かんけい
kannkei wo
relations
たも
tamotsu
maintain
ために、
tameni,
in order to
相手あいて
aite
others
no
of
気持きも
kimochi
(the) feelings
ya
along with
立場たちば
tachiba wo
(the) situation
みながら
yomi nagara
by reading
はなします。
hanashimasu.
speak
たとえば、
tatoeba,
for example
相手あいて
aite ga
(the) other person
すしが
sushi ga
sushi
きな
sukina
must like
はずだ
hazuda
(you) assume
けれど、
keredo,
but
たしかではない
tashika deha nai
(you)’re not certain
ときです。
toki desu.
when
「おすし、き……」
osushi, suki
osushi suki
までって、
made itte,
after saying
表情ひょうじょう
hyoujyou
(the other person’s) facial expressions
など
nado
and other cues
からさっして、
kara sasshite,
by reading
つぎのように
tsugi no youni
as follows
える
kaeru
alter (the phrase)
ことができます。
kotoga dekimasu.
(you) can
おすし、きでしょ:同意どうい期待きたいして確認かくにん
osushi, suki desho: doui wo kitai shite kakuninn
(you like sushi, don’t you?): confirming with the expectation of agreement
おすし、きだよね:同意どういうなが
osushi, suki dayo ne: doui wo unagasu
(I believe you like sushi): prompting a positive response
おすし、きじゃないよね:否定ひていうなが
osushi, suki janai yone: hitei wo unagasu
(You don’t like sushi, do you?): prompting a negative response
おすし、きじゃなかったね:はな記憶きおく確認かくにん
osushi, suki ja nakatta ne: hanashite no kioku wo kakuninn
(I don’t think you like sushi): seeking confirmation of the speaker’s memory of events
おすし、きだったかな:判断はんだんいかけ
osushi, suki datta kana: hanndann no toikake
(You liked sushi?): seeking confirmation of their opinion
yoi
good
関係かんけい
kannkei wo
relations
たも
tamotsu
maintain
ために、
tameni,
in order to
文末ぶんまつ表現ひょうげん
bunnmatsu hyougenn wo
(their) sentence endings
瞬時しゅんじ
shunnji ni
instantly
える
kaeru
(speakers are able) to change
ことは、
kotoha,
that
日本語にほんご会話かいわ
nihonngo kaiwa
Japanese conversation
no
of
特徴とくちょう
tokuchou
(the) quirks
no
of
ひと
hitotsu
one
です。
desu.
is

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