1. In everyday casual conversations expressions such as the following are often used: tabechau / I’ll eat it. yonnjau / I’ll read it. icchatta / I said it intentionally / unintentionally. nonnjatta / I drank it intentionally / unintentionally. 2. These are shortened words for -te shimau / -de shimau, and mean that an action has ended or is about to end. They often hint at something not explicitly said. Examples: natsu’yasumi ga owacchau. / Summer holidays are almost over (what a pity). watashi demo dekichau. / Even I can do it (prediction). dennsha ga, icchatta. / The train has gone (inconvenient). ukkari (shite) kowashichatta. / I destroyed it by mistake (regretful). kokuhaku sarechatta. / Somebody confessed they have a crush on me (embarrassed). sennsei ni homerarechatta. / I was praised by the teacher (happy). 3. The difference between -chau and -jau depends on the verb conjugation of the -te (de) form. The -te form becomes -chau. Examples: kaku → kaite → kaichau / write dasu → dashite → dashichau / put out utsu → utte → ucchau / hit hashiru → hashitte → hashicchau / run 4. The -de form becomes -jau. Examples: yomu → yonnde → yonnjau / read asobu → asonnde→ asonnjau / play shinu → shinnde → shinnjau / die 5. yo, wa, ne and no are often added after. Examples: hayakushinai to, kaecchau yo. / You must hurry or I’ll go home. sonnna koto iwareru to komacchau wa. / I’ll be embarrassed by such words. choushi ni notte, sawaijau ne. / I’ll (He’ll/She’ll) carried away and make a fuss. kaze de tonnjau no. / It will be blown away by the wind.